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Temperature Instrumentation

Temperature is one of the most important measurement parameters that is used for monitoring and control in various industries. It can be measured with the help of a diverse temperature measurement devices. This post will discuss how temperature measurement is important in different industries. It will also detail different types of temperature measurement equipment.

Thremocouple

A thermocouple is an electrical device consisting of two dissimilar electrical conductors forming electrical junctions at differing temperatures. ... Applications include temperature measurement for kilns, gas turbine exhaust, diesel engines, and other industrial processes.

Thremocouple

Thremocouple

Feature

Temperature range: Most practical temperature ranges, from cryogenics to jet-engine exhaust, can be served using thermocouples. Depending on the metal wires used, a thermocouple is capable of measuring temperature in the range –200°C to +2500°C.

Robust: Thermocouples are rugged devices that are immune to shock and vibration and are suitable for use in hazardous environments.

Rapid response: Because they are small and have low thermal capacity, thermocouples respond rapidly to temperature changes, especially if the sensing junction is exposed. They can respond to rapidly changing temperatures within a few hundred milliseconds.

heating: Because thermocouples require no excitation power, they are not prone to self heating and are intrinsically safe.

Application

The thermocouples are suitable for measuring a large temperature ranges. The higher range of the temperature is 2300C. By using the thermocouple, we can measure the gas turbine exhaust, kilns, diesel engines and fog machines. They are suitable for lesser applications, but the smaller range of temperatures is measured accurately. For the small measurement application the devices use are silicon bandgap temperature sensor, thermistor and resistance thermometers are suitable

RTD

RTDs - or Resistance Temperature Detectors - are temperature sensors that contain a resistor that changes resistance value as its temperature changes. They have been used for many years to measure temperature in laboratory and industrial processes, and have developed a reputation for accuracy, repeatability, and stability. Most RTD elements consist of a length of fine coiled wire wrapped around a ceramic or glass core. The element is usually quite fragile, so it is often placed inside a sheathed probe to protect it.

RTD

RTD

Feature
  • Linear over wide operating range
  • Wide temperature operating range
  • High temperature operating range
  • Interchangeability over wide range
  • Good stability at high temperature
Application

Air conditioning and refrigeration servicing, Food Processing, Stoves and grills, Textile production, Plastics processing

Temperature Transmitter

A temperature transmitter converts the thermocouple or RTD signal to a 4-20 mA output signal and is the ideal solution for many remote temperature measurement applications. 4-20ma transmitters have definite advantages over conventional temperature measuring devices, but must be selected with caution in order to avoid “ground loop” problems.

Temperature Transmitter

Temperature Tranmsitter

Feature
  • AC power is not required at the remote location in order to operate a two-wire transmitter
  • The supply of additional power at the remote location is not needed, as transmitters are powered by a low level 4 - 20 mA output current signal. Additionally, the usual 24 Vdc signal necessary for operation is standard in plants that have increased amounts of instrumentation.
  • Electrical noise and signal degradation are not a problem for two-wire transmitter users
  • When it comes to ambient electrical noise, the transmitter's current output signal lends itself to a high immunity. Any noise that does appear in the output current is usually prevented by the common-mode rejection of the receiving device. In addition, the current output signal will not diminish (change) with distance as can be seen in most voltage signals.
  • Wire costs decrease significantly when using transmitters
Application

Used in many Industries to transmit temperature in 4-20 mA signal from remote Temperature Sensor to PLC or any other control system.

Temperature Switch

Temperature switches are used in a variety of industrial and technical processes. If a preset temperature is reached, then the temperature switch opens or closes a corresponding switch contact. Depending on the requirements, mechanical or electronic switches can be used. In WIKA's broad product range, you will find the right temperature switch for every application.

Temperature Switch

Temperature Switch

Feature
  • Easy to use
  • Can be used to set desired setpoint so that as soon as the desired temperaure is reached, the switch gives output.
Application

To control different machines in different processes depending on the temperature setpoints.

Bi-Metallic Switch

A bimetallic switch is a control engineering component which causes a certain action once a defined temperature is reached, e.g. switching off a process in order to avoid overheating. It is based on the fact that under changing thermal conditions every metal expands or contracts according to a fixed thermal expansion coefficient. Hence the bimetal, a component made of two connected strips of different metals (e.g. steel and zinc), bends when the temperature changes. Once the bending strain reaches the limit defined by the designer of the switch, the bimetallic switch is activated.

Bi-Metallic Switch

Bi-Metallic Switch

Feature
  • Easy to use, More effective than mechanical switching parts.
Application

Switching off a process in order to avoid overheating.

Temperature Indicator

Temperature indicators are installation instruments which can process signals from temperature sensors and show them on the display. Temperature indicators to process signals from temperature sensors and show them in the display.Temperature indicators enable easy and economic valuation of resistance sensors, such as Pt100 or different thermo element types. These sensors can be directly connected to temperature indicators to avoid the installation of a transducer.

Temperature Indicator

Temperature Indicator

Feature
  • Shows Temperature directly.
  • Universal temperature input
  • Easy to read
Application

Areas where the temperature is to be constantly monitored by the operator.

Flame Proof Temperature Indicator , Transmitter and Controller

They are designed for use in hazardous environments, housed in a heavy-duty enclosure certified flameproof for gas groups I, IIA, IIB and IIC with IP66 rating - completely dust proof and protection against even powerful jets of water.

Flame Proof Temperature Indicator , Transmitter and Controller

Transmitter and Controller

Feature
  • Heavy Duty Protection
  • Wetaherproof as well
  • Completely flameproof and certified
Application

These controllers are specially designed for use hazardous flameproof areas. They are used where weather proofing is necessary.

Temperature Guage

A temperature gauge is a device used to indicate the temperature of an item being monitored. The display can be an analogue dial, an analogue range or a digital readout. Common methods of measuring temperature include bimetallic strip (the bending of which increases with temperature) and the thermocouple which produces an electronic voltage that depends on the temperature.

Temperature Guage

Temperature Guage

Feature
  • Simplicity in use and low cost.
  • Portable Device
  • Checking damage is easy
  • Do not require any power
Application

This instrument works best in applications such as power generation, oil and gas, waste water, and pulp and paper. Vapor Actuated Thermometers are economical temperature gauges that provide an accurate remote reading for applications such as refrigeration, solar heating, and water treatment.

Thermostat

Thermostat is used for controlling heat tracing systems in hazardous locations. It is also used as a switch for controlling devices based on temperature variation.

Thermostat

Thermostat

Feature
  • Easy to use
  • Set point adjustment is easy
Application

A thermostat can often be the main control unit for a heating or cooling system, in applications ranging from ambient air control, to such as automotive coolant control

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